The SSH included with your Mac is a little different from the one which you would have installed on a Windows machine. On a Windows computer, you can either enter your username into a GUI, or use commands in the Command Prompt (which is the Windows version of the Mac Terminal) to log in.
You generate an SSH key through macOS by using the Terminal application. Once you upload a valid public SSH key, the Triton Compute Service uses SmartLogin to copy the public key to any new SmartMachine you provision.
Joyent recommends RSA keys because the node-manta CLI programs work with RSA keys both locally and with the ssh agent. DSA keys will work only if the private key is on the same system as the CLI, and not password-protected.
Cyberduck is a file transfer client for Apple Mac and Microsoft Windows Cyberduck is a fairly popular file transfer client for Apple Mac and Microsoft Windows. It supports FTP, SFTP, WebDAV, Amazon S3, OpenStack Swift, Backblaze B2, Microsoft Azure & OneDrive, Google Drive and Dropbox. SSH Agent is a graphical front-end to some of the OpenSSH tools included with Mac OS X. Specifically, it allows you to start an ssh-agent, generate identities, and add identities to an agent. This post describes how to connect a Mac OS X using SSH Protocol. The SSH used to directly connect in Linux system, in order to access from a command line, set permissions, copy files, make changes. SSH Login: Simple syntax to use ssh login, ssh -p portnumber username@ipaddress Mac default ssh. Version 6.5.1 - Released 21 September, 2020. Stability improvements. Requires MacOS Yosemite (10.10.0) or newer.
About Terminal
Terminal is the terminal emulator which provides a text-based command line interface to the Unix shell of macOS.
To open the macOS Terminal, follow these steps:
- In Finder, choose Utilities from the Applications folder.
- Find Terminal in the Utilities listw.
- Open Terminal.
The Terminal window opens with the commandline prompt displaying the name of your machine and your username.
Generating an SSH key
An SSH key consists of a pair of files. One is the private key, which should never be shared with anyone. The other is the public key. The other file is a public key which allows you to log into the containers and VMs you provision. When you generate the keys, you will use ssh-keygen
to store the keys in a safe location so you can bypass the login prompt when connecting to your instances.
To generate SSH keys in macOS, follow these steps:
Enter the following command in the Terminal window.
This starts the key generation process. When you execute this command, the
ssh-keygen
utility prompts you to indicate where to store the key.Press the ENTER key to accept the default location. The
ssh-keygen
utility prompts you for a passphrase.- Type in a passphrase. You can also hit the ENTER key to accept the default (no passphrase). However, this is not recommended.
You will need to enter the passphrase a second time to continue.
After you confirm the passphrase, the system generates the key pair.
Your private key is saved to the id_rsa
file in the .ssh
directory and is used to verify the public key you use belongs to the same Triton Compute Service account.
Never share your private key with anyone! |
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Your public key is saved to the id_rsa.pub
;file and is the key you upload to your Triton Compute Service account. You can save this key to the clipboard by running this:
Importing your SSH key
Now you must import the copied SSH key to the portal.
- After you copy the SSH key to the clipboard, return to your account page.
- Choose to Import Public Key and paste your SSH key into the Public Key field.
- In the Key Name field, provide a name for the key. Note: although providing a key name is optional, it is a best practice for ease of managing multiple SSH keys.
- Add the key. It will now appear in your table of keys under SSH.
Troubleshooting
You may see a password prompt like this:
This is because:
- You did not enter the correct passphrase.
- The private key on your Macintosh (
id_rsa
) does not match the public key stored with your Triton Compute Service account. - The public key was not entered correctly in your Triton account.
What are my next steps?
Right in the portal, you can easily create Docker containers, infrastructure containers, and hardware virtual machines.
In order to use the Terminal to create instances, set up triton
and CloudAPI as well as the triton-docker
commandline tool.
The challenge
We use a cluster of GNU/Linux-powered nodes behind a Cisco load balancer to serve some of our web sites. These nodes being quasi-identical (most config, filesystems, etc), we often need to apply the very same changes, via ssh, to each of them at once in our daily maintenance tasks.
ClusterSSH to the Rescue
ClusterSSH is a small Perl/TK utility that controls a number of xterm windows via a single graphical console window to allow commands to be interactively run on multiple servers over an ssh connection. This means that you type your shell commands once, and they simultaneously run on all of the servers ClusterSSH is connected to.
A perfect fit for our needs, but not quite limited to our higher end environment. Using ClusterSSH, you can control x number of computers via ssh, whether they are exact replicas of one another (cluster) or not. This can be especially useful in a computer lab environment, or with any large number of similar systems that you want to edit from the command line.
EG: You can easily run softwareupdate on OS X or yum/apt on Linux, or even download a file from a central server, on all the computers in your office at once and without the need for more elaborate or expensive graphical solutions.
For the record, there is another project on SourceForge that shares the same purpose and executable name (cssh), but that project has not seen a release since 2004, unlike ClusterSSH, which seems to be kept rather well up-to-date by its developer(s).
But wait, we're on OS X
ClusterSSH is an X11-based application, which Apple has been providing a port for OS X for years. But if you are on an Intel-based Mac, you might have been wondering where to find the said port for your architecture, since it is not an install option on the DVD provided with your new machine. Well, it is there, but the installer package is in fact in a directory hidden from the Finder.
To install Apple's X11 built for your MacIntel, simply do the following:
- mount the DVD that came with your Mac
- open a terminal window
- type
open /Volumes/[OSX_DVD]/System/Installation/Packages/
X11User.pkg
where[OSX_DVD]
is the volume name of the install DVD - go through the newly launched installer
- tada!
Maybe Apple thought their Universal Binary version was only half-baked (…), at least until the latest update they released on November 13, which was itself Intel-ready. Software for mac os free download. Should you choose not to install the latter, you will be prompted to update X11 the next time you run Software Update.
The Perl install that comes bundled with OS X lacks one of the modules that ClusterSSH relies on to provide a small GUI window for you to type your distributed commands in: Tk. Depending on when you read this (2006-11-21), you might want to run a CPAN search for a newer version than the one I link to.
Installing Tk is quite easy if you are familiar with the terminal, and requires for you to have installed the Developer Tools that came bundled with OS X.
- get the latest Perl/Tk module from CPAN
- decompress the downloaded archive
- important: open X11 (Applications » Utilities), and use its terminal for the next steps
cd
to the Tk folderperl Makefile.PL
make
make test
sudo make install
- and you should be done
The make test
step will procedurally try the miscellaneous X interface components that Perl/Tk provides, hence the need to run it in X11. All went fine in my context, but you can find more information on Steve Lidie‘s site at Lehigh University if needed: Perl/Tk and Mac OS X.
On to compiling ClusterSSH
- get the latest Perl/Tk module from CPAN
- decompress the downloaded archive
- important: open X11 (Applications » Utilities), and use its terminal for the next steps
cd
to the Tk folderperl Makefile.PL
make
make test
sudo make install
- and you should be done
The make test
step will procedurally try the miscellaneous X interface components that Perl/Tk provides, hence the need to run it in X11. All went fine in my context, but you can find more information on Steve Lidie‘s site at Lehigh University if needed: Perl/Tk and Mac OS X.
On to compiling ClusterSSH
Now that we have met ClusterSSH prerequisites (X11::Protocol is bundled with OS X), we can move on and compile the software for OSX.
- get the latest version of the source from the official site.
- decompress the downloaded archive
- in a terminal window,
cd
to the clusterssh-* folder ./configure
make
sudo make install
On many UNIX systems, you might now be able use the cssh
command, but in OS X, you will probably need to make sure that your environment knows to look for software in /usr/local/bin
by default, particularly in the terminal. To do so:
- go back to the terminal
- type
env
- see if
/usr/local/bin
is part of the list making up thePATH
variable - if not type
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin
thenexit
.
And that is essentially it…
Using ClusterSSH
Now that everything is installed, keep in mind that the purpose of this software is to run the same actions on a number of connected computers, which obviously has tremendous advantages, but also countless dangers.
Read every command before running them, and make sure you did not accidentally or temporarily shifted the window focus to one of the nodes, therefore processing your request one one of the hosts only.
Before you start using cssh, make sure to have a user with the same username and password combination on all of the targeted hosts, unless you opted to pass some of these parameters in the individual connection strings. Es explorer for pc download.
Then, in an X11 terminal window, use the cssh
command as illustrated below:
cssh user@your.host.1 user@your.host.2 user@your.host.3 [..]
When all of the windows are launched, be sure to put t
he focus on the small window (see right) and type your commands. In most cases, this will mean starting by typing your password to the computers your are connecting to. And then, you're off to the races.
You can take some steps to make your time with ClusterSSH easier, such as using ssh keys to forgo having to type a password altogether (think about security though). You can also write a small shell script already containing the full list of nodes you are most often connecting to.
I have successfully tested ClusterSSH on Mac OS X 10.4.x (Tiger) on:
- a 2006 MacBook (Core Duo)
- a 2005 Mac Mini (G4)
- and a 2003 PowerBook (G4)
For more information you can now use man /usr/local/man/man1/cssh.1
in the terminal to see the full cssh documentation, or see the online FAQ.
But please, do keep reminding yourself that the old 'rm -rf ~/*' cliché is multiplied by the number of hosts you are connected to. ;)
Openssh Mac Os X
Enjoy.
Update 1: a comment attached to this post led me to a similar tool that has its own advantages, and is well worth mentioning here: dsh.
Ssh For Mac
Update 2: for those of us also running GNU/Linux, ClusterSSH is also available as a pre-compiled Debian package and Fedora RPM.